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Avena

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Descripción
Avena is a genus of 33[1] species (including two hybrids) in the grass family Poaceae. Collectively known as the oats, they include some species which have been cultivated for thousands of years as a food source for humans and livestock.[2] They are widespread throughout Europe, Asia and northwest Africa. Several species have become naturalized in many parts of the world, and are regarded as invasive weeds where they compete with crop production. All oats have edible seeds, though they are small and hard to harvest in most species.
See Oat for a more detailed discussion of the oat as a food source.
Contents [hide]
1 Ecology
2 Species
2.1 Cultivated oats
2.2 Wild oats
3 Sociolinguistics
4 See also
5 Footnotes
6 References
Ecology[edit]

Avena species, including cultivated oats, are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including Rustic Shoulder-knot and Setaceous Hebrew Character.

For diseases of oats, see List of oat diseases.
Species[edit]
Cultivated oats[edit]

One species is of major commercial importance as a cereal grain. Four other species are grown as crops of minor or regional importance.
Avena sativa - the common oat, a cereal crop of global importance and the species commonly referred to as "oats"
Avena abyssinica - the Ethiopian oat, called "a half-weed, half-crop confined to the highlands of Ethiopia."[3]
Avena byzantina, a minor crop in the Near and Middle East
Avena nuda - the naked oat or hulless oat, which plays much the same role in Europe as does A. abyssinica in Ethiopia. It is sometimes included in A. sativa and was widely grown in Europe before the latter replaced it. As its nutrient content is somewhat better than that of the common oat, A. nuda has increased in significance in recent years, especially in organic farming.
Avena strigosa - the lopsided oat, bristle oat, or black oat,[4] grown for fodder in parts of Western Europe and Brazil
Wild oats[edit]

These species, called wild oats or oat-grasses, are nuisance weeds in cereal crops, as, being grasses like the crop, they are difficult to remove chemically; any standard herbicide that would kill them would also damage the crop. A specific herbicide must be used. The costs of this herbicide and the length of time it must be used to reduce the weed is significant, with seeds able to lie dormant for approximately 10 years.
Avena barbata - slender wild oat
Avena brevis - short oat
Avena fatua - common wild oat
Avena maroccana - Moroccan oat
Avena occidentalis - western oat
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